accidents (caused/are caused) by dangerous driving.

12. А cinema is а place where films (show/are shown).

13. People (aren’t used/don’t use) this road very often.

14. This house (built/was built) in 1930.

15. This situation is serious. Something must (do/be done) before it’s too late.

16. My car (has disappeared/has been disappeared).

17. Have you heard the news? The President (has shot/has been shot).

18. А new supermarket (will be built/will built) here next year.

19. (in а shop) ‘Can I help you, madam?’ ‘No, thank you. I (am serving/am being served).’

20. When I came to the party, John (had already been gone/ had already gone) home.

Test 44. Active or passive? Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.

1. The computer (use) at the moment.

2. Your house looks different. You (paint) it?

3. Water (cover) most of the Earth’s surface.

4. Most of the Earth’s surface (cover) by water.

5. When we got to the stadium, we found out that the game (cancel). So we couldn’t see the match.

6. The park gates (lock) at 6.30 p.m. every evening.

7. The letter (post) a week ago but it (arrive) yesterday.

8. Ann couldn’t use her office yesterday. It (redecorate) the whole day.

9. At 10 o’clock tomorrow, Ann will be in her office. She (work) then.

10. Ron’s parents (die) when he was very young. He and his sister (bring up) by their grandparents.

11. While I was on holiday, my camera (steal) from my hotel room.

12. Look! A new hospital (build) near the airport.

13. Where these photographs (take)? In London? You (take) them?

14. Two people (arrest) last night.

15. The computer broke down yesterday, but now it’s OK. It (work) again. It (repair).

16. The man next door (disappear) six months ago. Nobody (see) him since then.

17. The room looked nice. It (clean).

18. There’s somebody walking behind us. I think we (follow).

Test 45. Active or passive? Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.

1. How she usually (get) to school?

2. When we came, the dinner still (cook).

3. I was very tired because I (run) for an hour.

4. Jane ever (hear) this story?

5. When summer (come), we’ll go to the seaside.

6. Please wait! Your question (discuss) now.

7. She (paint) the door by the time we come back?

8. The book (publish) next month.

9. How long you (have) this book?

10. The cooking usually (do) by my mother.

11. ‘When he (get) this letter?’ ‘A week ago.’

12. If she (not come), we won’t be able to finish the work.

13. They (work) the whole evening tomorrow.

14. This novel (write) last year?

15. Tom (write) this report for two days.

16. What novel she (write) now?

17. What you (do) when I called you?

18. The clock (repair) by next Monday.

19. When the manager came, we (not write) all the letters yet.

Test 46. Read the text and put the verbs in brackets into the correct form (active or passive).

The Public Welfare System in America The majority of Americans – about 85 percent – are neither wealthy nor poor. They (1)(belong) to the broad economic category considered to be ‘middle class’. But they (2)(trouble) by the fact that poverty (3)(exist) in their land. The US (4)(know) for its wealth, its abundance of food and its opportunity for everybody to build a good life. The goal is to operate a free enterprise economy in which everyone who (5)(want) to work can find it. Despite that goal, there is always a percentage of people who want to work but who cannot find employment for which they (6)(suit). In recent years, the official figure for unemployment (7)(average) between five and seven percent.

The public welfare system in the USA is so large that in the early and mid-1980s nearly one half of all money spent by the federal government (8)(be) for ‘social payments’ – money used to help people. The percentage (9)(double) since the 1960s, when only about 25 percent of the money spent by the federal government (10)(support) these welfare needs.

In addition to federal programs, there are programs in each of the 50 states which (11)(design) to help people in need.

Test 47. Read the text and put the verbs in brackets into the correct form. Jason Peters is a wildlife cameraman. He (1)(film) wild animals for documentary programmes on TV. For fifteen years he (2)(explore) the world’s jungles. Several times he (3)(bite) by snakes. Alligators (4)(attack) him more times than he can remember. But Jason (5)(enjoy) his lifestyle. ‘If (6)(not have) this job,’ he says, ‘my life (7)(be) boring.’ Last year he (8)(work) in Venezuela. While he (9)(film) the Matis Indians there, he learned some interesting facts which he (10)(not know) before. ‘The Matis (11)(eat) monkeys’, says Jason, ‘but they (12)(not eat) other animals which are part of their religion.’ At the moment he (13)(prepare) to go back to the Amazon, that’s why he (14)(study) the Amazon people. He (15)(already read) a lot of books about them.

Test 1. First or Second Conditional? Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.

1. If he (run), he’ll get there in time.

2. They would be rather offended if I (not go) to see them.

3. If you took more exercise, you (feel) better.

4. If it (stop) snowing, we can go skiing.

5. If I was offered a job, I think I (take) it.

6. I’m sure Ann will lend you the money. I’d be very surprised if she (refuse).

7. If you (not go) away, I’ll send for the police. 8. If I sold my car, I (not get) much money for it.

9. The police (arrest) him if they catch him.

10. We (not have) any money if we didn’t work.

11. Tell Mary to ring me up if you (see) her.

12. What would happen if I (not come)?

13. If he (like) the house, will he buy it?

14. Carol gave me this ring. She (be) very upset if I lost it.

15. Our friends are expecting us. They will be disappointed if we (not come).

16. What will happen if my parachute (not open)?

17. I’m sure Jane (understand) if you explained the situation to her.

18. What you (do) if you lost your passport?

19. If we (tell) them the truth, they wouldn’t believe us.

Test 2. First or Second Conditional? Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.

1. If it (rain) this weekend, we (not be able) to go to the country.

2. Give me Ann’s letter. If I (see) her, I (give) it to her.

3. I have to work hard, so I’m very busy. But if I (have) any free time, I (go) in for swimming.

4. If I (be) taller, I (can) play basketball. But I’m too short.

5. Please stop talking! If you (not start) your meal now; it (go) cold.

6. If you (have) any problems, let me know and I (help) you.

7. You’re a wonderful cook! If I (can) cook as well as you, I (open) a restaurant.

8. We must hurry! If he (be) late, we (leave) without him.

9. He (have) a day off tomorrow if he (work) hard today?

10. That coat looks awful! I (not buy) it if I (be) you.

11. I think there are too many cars. If there (not be) so many cars, there (not be) so much pollution.

12. It’s a pity I’m not rich. If I (be) rich, I (have) a yacht.

13. I’m going out now. If anybody (phone) while I (be) out, can you take a message?

14. This soup isn’t very good. It (taste) better if it (not be) so salty.

15. ‘What shall we do tomorrow?’ ‘Well, if it (be) a nice day, we (not stay) at home.’

16. Liz is tired all the time. If she (not go) to bed so late, she (not be) tired.

17. You were rude to Mike. If I (be) you, I (apologize).

18. We’re lost. If we (have) the map with us, we (know) where we are.

19. If I still (feel) sick, I (not go) on holiday next weekend.

Test 3. Second or Third Conditional? Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.

1. If you (not be) busy, we could go for a walk.

2. If I (have) enough money, I would have taken a taxi.

3. If I were you, I (buy) a new suit.

4. If I (be) interested in the film, I would have gone to the cinema.

5. If we (not take) the wrong turning, we wouldn’t have arrived late.

6. If he had more time, he (take) up tennis.

7. You could have come first if you (run) faster.

8. If she (not have) a car, we would have to go by bus.

9. What (do) if you lost your job?

10. If I (not feel) tired, I would have gone to bed later.

11. If Bruce had asked me, I (say) ‘yes’.

12. If I (not take) an umbrella, I would have got wet.

13. If he knew that it was dangerous, he (not come).

14. If someone (give) you a helicopter, what would you do with it?

15. They (not miss) the plane if they hadn’t woken up late.

16. If you (ask), I could have told you the answer.

17. I could help you with the text if I (know) Greek.

18. If only he had asked, I (help) him.

19. If I (invite) to my friend’s party, I would never dress casually.

Test 4. Second or Third Conditional? Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.

1. We can’t afford to go to Austria. If we (have) more money, we (go) skiing there.

2. I didn’t know you were in hospital. If I (know), I (go) to visit you.

3. Ken got to the station in time to catch his train. If he (miss) it, he (be) late for his interview.

4. Tom doesn’t know Spanish. If he (know) it, he (help) us to translate this article.

5. It’s good that you reminded me about